Individual Satyagraha – the individual civil disobedience
After the August Offer (1940) the British government had taken the adamant position that no constitutional advance could be made till the Congress came to an agreement…
Why Gandhi Designated Nehru as his Successor?
When Gandhi designated Nehru as his chosen successor? The Congress leaders, released in December 1941, in the midst of Japan’s aggressive actions, were anxious to defend Indian…
August Offer – Proposals, Responses and Evaluation
Hitler’s astounding success and the fall of Belgium, Holland, and France put England in a conciliatory mood. As the war in Europe had undertaken a new turn,…
Birsa Munda Revolt – Ulgulan – Great Tumult
In the 1890s, Birsa Munda emerged at the head of a movement of the Munda tribes of SInghbhum andRanchi districts of Chotanagpur region. The Ulgulan (‘Great Tumult’),…
Evolution of Civil Services in India under British Rule
The civil service system introduced in India by the East India Company for the benefit of its commercial affairs got transformed into a well-structured machinery to look…
Indigo cultivation in India during British rule
Material evidence of indigo dye in history The earliest material evidence of indigo dye are traces found in textiles preserved in Egyptian tombs dating to the late…
INA Trials
֍ The INA trials were held at the Red Fort in New Delhi. ֍ The Indian National Congress fielded its best lawyers in defence of the INA…
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar : The great scholar and reformer
֍ The great scholar and reformer, Vidyasagar’s ideas were a happy blend of Indian and Western thought. ֍ He believed in high moral values, was a deep…
Advent of British and the English East India Company
֍ A group of wealthy merchants of Leadenhall Street in London secured a royal charter from Queen Elizabeth I to have a share in the lucrative spice…
Alfonso de Albuquerque
Albuquerque (Portuguese governor in India) was the real founder of the Portuguese power in the East, a task he completed before his death. He secured for Portugal…