Answers to Questions no. 1 to 10 should be in 150 words, whereas answers to Questions no. 11 to 20 should be in 250 words.

1 . Underline the changes in the field of society and economy from the Rig Vedic to the later Vedic period. (Answer in 150 words) 10

2 . Estimate the contribution of Pallavas of Kanchi for the development of art and literature of South India. (Answer in 150 words) 10

3 . What were the events that led to the Quit India Movement? Point out its results. (Answer in 150 words) 10

4 . What is sea surface temperature rise? How does it affect the formation of tropical cyclones? (Answer in 150 words) 10

5 . Why do large cities tend to attract more migrants than smaller towns? Discuss in the light of conditions in developing countries. (Answer in 150 words) 10

6 . What is the phenomenon of ‘cloudbursts’? Explain. (Answer in 150 words) 10

7 . What is the concept of a ‘demographic winter’? Is the world moving towards such a situation? Elaborate. (Answer in 150 words) 10

8 . Distinguish between gender equality, gender equity and women’s empowerment. Why is it important to take gender concerns into account in programme design and implementation? (Answer in 150 words) 10

9 . Intercaste marriages between castes which have socio-economic parity have increased, to some extent, but this is less true of interreligious marriages. Discuss. (Answer in 150 words) 10

10 . In dealing with socio-economic Issues of development, what kind of collaboration between government, NGOs and private sector would be most productive? (Answer in 150 words) 10

11 . “Though the great Cholas are no more yet their name is still remembered with great pride because of their highest achievements in the domain of art and architecture”. Comment. (Answer in 250 words) 15

12 . How far is it correct to say that the First World War was fought essentially for the preservation of balance of power? (Answer in 250 words) 15

13 . How far was the Industrial Revolution in England responsible for the decline of handicrafts and cottage industries in India? (Answer in 250 words) 15

14 . The groundwater potential of the gangetic valley is on a serious decline. How may it affect the food security of India? (Answer in 250 words) 15

15 . What are aurora australis and aurora borealis? How are these triggered? (Answer in 250 words) 15

16 . What is a twister? Why are the majority of twisters observed in areas around the Gulf of Mexico? (Answer in 250 words) 15

17 . What is regional disparity How does it differ from diversity? How serious is the issue of regional disparity in India? (Answer in 250 words) 15

18 . Despite comprehensive policies for equity and social justice, underprivileged sections are not yet getting the full benefits of affirmative action envisaged by the Constitution. Comment. (Answer in 250 words) 15

19 . Globalization has increased urban migration by skilled, young, unmarried women from various classes. How has this trend impacted upon their personal freedom and relationship with family? (Answer in 250 words) 15

20 . Critically analyse the proposition that there is a high correlation between India’s cultural diversities and socio-economic marginalities. (Answer in 250 words) 15

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