Common Native Plant Species of India

Common Native Tree Species of India

Vernacular Names / Botanical Names

1 . Pilkhan / Ficus virens

2 . Peepal / Ficus religiosa

3 . Bargad / Ficus bengalensis

4 . Gular / Ficus glomerata

5 . Ber / Zizyphus mauritiana

6 . Arjun / Terminelia arjuna

7 . Jamun / Syzygium cumini

8 . Neem / Azadirachta indica

9 . Gundani / Cordia ghara

10 . Baheda / Terminalia bellerica

11 . Lasoora / Cordia mixa

12 . Mango / Mangifera indica

13 . Jungle Jalebi / Pithecellobium dulce

14 . Imli / Tamarandus indica

15 . Shehtoot / Morus alba

16 . Bakayan / Melia azadirach

17 . Meetha Neem/ Curry patta / Murraya koenigii

18 . Khirni / Manilkara hexandra

19 . Dhak / Butea monosperma

20 . Red sanders / Pterocarpus santalinus

21 . Harad / Terminalia chebula

22 . Bael Patra / Aegle Marmelos

Common Native Species of India which have higher aesthetic value/flowering

Vernacular Names / Botanical Names

1 . Amaltas / Cassia fistula

2 . Gulmohar / Delonix regia

3 . Semul / Bombax ceiba

4 . Indian coral tree / Erythrina variegate

5 . Ashoka / Saraca asoca

6 . Jacaranda / Jacaranda mimosifolia

7 . Tichoma gorichori / Tecoma stans

8 . Anar / Punica granatum

9 . Knakchampa / Pterospermum acerifolium

10 . Rainbow shower tree / Cassio nodosa

11 . Mahuwa / Madhuca longifolia

12 . Cassio renigers

13 . Champa / Magnolia champaca

14 . Kassod / Cassia siamea

15 . Kareel / Diospyros cordifolia

16 . Roheda / Tecomella undulata

17 . Sonjna / Moringa concanensis

18 . Kadamb / Mitragyna parviflora

19 . Jhinjheri / Bauhinia racemos

20 . Caper tree / Capparis spinosa

21 . Queen Flower / Lagerstroemia flos reginae

22 . Lagerstroemia borelia

23 . Harshingar / Nyctanthes arbor-tristis

Native shrub species

Vernacular Names / Botanical Names

1 . Aegelia (Rhododendron )

2 . White orchid-tree / Bahunia acuminate

3 . Bougainvillea / Bougainvillea glabra

4 . Hibiscus / Hibiscus syriacus

5 . Kaner / Nerium oleander

6 . Chandini / Tabernaemontana divaricata

Must read: How do the physiography and climate of India explain the biological diversity of the country ?

External link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Flora_of_the_Indian_subcontinent

PRACTICE QUESTIONS

QUES . Consider the following: UPSC 2024

1 . Cashew

2 . Papaya

3 . Red sanders

How many of the above trees are actually native to India?

(a) Only one

(b) Only two

(c) All three

(d) None

Ans (a) EXPLANATION: The cashew tree is native to Brazil. Portuguese explorers introduced it to India and other tropical countries in the 16th century. Papaya originated in Central America, most likely southern Mexico and neighbouring Central American countries. It was later introduced to India and other tropical regions. Red sanders, also known as red sandalwood, is native to the southern part of India, particularly Andhra Pradesh. It is indigenous to India’s dry deciduous forests.

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