Common Native Tree Species of India
Vernacular Names / Botanical Names
1 . Pilkhan / Ficus virens
2 . Peepal / Ficus religiosa
3 . Bargad / Ficus bengalensis
4 . Gular / Ficus glomerata
5 . Ber / Zizyphus mauritiana
6 . Arjun / Terminelia arjuna
7 . Jamun / Syzygium cumini
8 . Neem / Azadirachta indica
9 . Gundani / Cordia ghara
10 . Baheda / Terminalia bellerica
11 . Lasoora / Cordia mixa
12 . Mango / Mangifera indica
13 . Jungle Jalebi / Pithecellobium dulce
14 . Imli / Tamarandus indica
15 . Shehtoot / Morus alba
16 . Bakayan / Melia azadirach
17 . Meetha Neem/ Curry patta / Murraya koenigii
18 . Khirni / Manilkara hexandra
19 . Dhak / Butea monosperma
20 . Red sanders / Pterocarpus santalinus
21 . Harad / Terminalia chebula
22 . Bael Patra / Aegle Marmelos
Common Native Species of India which have higher aesthetic value/flowering
Vernacular Names / Botanical Names
1 . Amaltas / Cassia fistula
2 . Gulmohar / Delonix regia
3 . Semul / Bombax ceiba
4 . Indian coral tree / Erythrina variegate
5 . Ashoka / Saraca asoca
6 . Jacaranda / Jacaranda mimosifolia
7 . Tichoma gorichori / Tecoma stans
8 . Anar / Punica granatum
9 . Knakchampa / Pterospermum acerifolium
10 . Rainbow shower tree / Cassio nodosa
11 . Mahuwa / Madhuca longifolia
12 . Cassio renigers
13 . Champa / Magnolia champaca
14 . Kassod / Cassia siamea
15 . Kareel / Diospyros cordifolia
16 . Roheda / Tecomella undulata
17 . Sonjna / Moringa concanensis
18 . Kadamb / Mitragyna parviflora
19 . Jhinjheri / Bauhinia racemos
20 . Caper tree / Capparis spinosa
21 . Queen Flower / Lagerstroemia flos reginae
22 . Lagerstroemia borelia
23 . Harshingar / Nyctanthes arbor-tristis
Native shrub species
Vernacular Names / Botanical Names
1 . Aegelia (Rhododendron )
2 . White orchid-tree / Bahunia acuminate
3 . Bougainvillea / Bougainvillea glabra
4 . Hibiscus / Hibiscus syriacus
5 . Kaner / Nerium oleander
6 . Chandini / Tabernaemontana divaricata
Must read: How do the physiography and climate of India explain the biological diversity of the country ?
External link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Flora_of_the_Indian_subcontinent
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
QUES . Consider the following: UPSC 2024
1 . Cashew
2 . Papaya
3 . Red sanders
How many of the above trees are actually native to India?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Ans (a) EXPLANATION: The cashew tree is native to Brazil. Portuguese explorers introduced it to India and other tropical countries in the 16th century. Papaya originated in Central America, most likely southern Mexico and neighbouring Central American countries. It was later introduced to India and other tropical regions. Red sanders, also known as red sandalwood, is native to the southern part of India, particularly Andhra Pradesh. It is indigenous to India’s dry deciduous forests.
