Pros and cons of infrastructural development in the coastal zone

QUES . What are the pros and cons of infrastructural development in the coastal zone? UPSC IES/ISS EXAM 2022 General Studies . 200 Words . 5 Marks

HINTS:

Coastal development refers to any type of construction or development that occurs in or near coastal areas, such as beaches, bays, and estuaries. This type of development can include everything from residential and commercial buildings to infrastructure such as roads, bridges, and ports. While coastal development can provide many benefits, it also has significant drawbacks that must be carefully considered.

Pros of infrastructural development in the coastal zone:

Economic Benefits: Coastal development can provide significant economic benefits, particularly in terms of tourism and recreation. Beaches and other coastal areas are popular tourist destinations, and development in these areas can attract visitors, generate revenue, and create jobs.

Improved Infrastructure: Development in coastal areas can also lead to improved infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, and ports, which can facilitate trade and commerce. This can be particularly important for communities that rely on fishing or other maritime industries.

Protection from Natural Disasters: In some cases, coastal development can provide protection from natural disasters such as storms and floods. For example, sea walls and other coastal structures can help prevent erosion and protect against storm surges.

Access to Natural Resources: Coastal development can also provide access to natural resources such as fish, minerals, and oil. This can be particularly important for developing countries that rely on these resources for economic growth.

Enhanced Energy Security: Coastal infrastructure, such as wind farms or offshore oil and gas platforms, can contribute to energy security and reduce dependence on foreign sources of energy.

Cons of infrastructural development in the coastal zone:

Environmental Impacts: Coastal development can have significant environmental impacts, including habitat destruction, water pollution, and disturbance of marine life. These impacts can harm sensitive ecosystems and threaten the long-term health of coastal environments.

Increased Risk of Natural Disasters: While coastal development can provide protection from natural disasters, it can also increase the risk of these events. Development in vulnerable areas can exacerbate the impacts of storms, floods, and other natural disasters, putting both people and property at risk.

Loss of Public Access: Coastal development can also lead to the loss of public access to beaches and other coastal areas. This can limit recreational opportunities and cultural traditions that are tied to these areas.

Threats to Cultural Heritage: Coastal development can also threaten cultural heritage sites, such as archaeological sites and traditional fishing grounds. This can lead to the loss of cultural knowledge and traditions that are tied to these areas.

Cost: Developing infrastructure in the coastal zone can be expensive due to the need for specialized construction and maintenance, as well as the potential for damage and destruction from natural disasters.

Thus, while infrastructural development in the coastal zone can have significant benefits, it is important to carefully consider the potential negative impacts and take steps to minimize them. There is a need of sustainable coastal development which involves balancing economic, social, and environmental interests to promote long-term health and resilience of coastal ecosystems and communities.

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