QUES . What are the high-altitude environmental hazards ? Explain with suitable examples.
HINTS:
High altitude environments are characterized by low air pressure, low oxygen levels, extreme temperature fluctuations, and strong winds. These conditions create a range of environmental hazards that can be dangerous for humans and other living organisms.
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High altitude environmental hazards
Hypoxia:
Hypoxia is a condition where the body doesn’t get enough oxygen. At high altitudes, the air pressure is lower, which means there is less oxygen in the air. This can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, headache, and dizziness. For example, climbers who ascend to high altitudes without proper acclimatization can experience severe hypoxia, which can lead to altitude sickness or even death.
Extreme temperatures:
High altitude environments are subject to extreme temperature fluctuations. During the day, the temperature may be warm, but at night, it can drop below freezing. These temperature changes can be especially dangerous for mountaineers and other outdoor enthusiasts who may not be adequately prepared for the conditions. For example, frostbite can occur when exposed skin is exposed to freezing temperatures for extended periods.
High winds:
High altitude environments are often characterized by strong winds, which can be hazardous for outdoor activities. These winds can cause serious injuries or even death, especially if a person is caught in a sudden gust or storm. For example, mountaineers who are ascending a high peak may encounter high winds that can make it difficult to maintain their balance or progress.
Solar radiation:
High altitude environments are also subject to increased levels of solar radiation. The thin atmosphere at high altitudes is less effective at blocking harmful UV radiation from the sun. This can cause sunburns, skin cancer, and other health problems. For example, mountaineers who spend extended periods of time at high altitudes without proper sun protection can suffer from severe sunburns or even develop skin cancer.
Overall, high altitude environments present a range of environmental hazards that can be dangerous for humans and other living organisms. It is essential to take proper precautions and prepare adequately for these conditions to minimize the risks associated with high altitude environments.
