QUES . Discuss the similarities and differences between the basic tenets of Buddhism and Jainism. UPSC IES/ISS EXAM 2021. General Studies . 200 Words . 5 Marks
HINTS:
Numerous religious sects arouse in the middle of Gangetic plains in the second half of the sixth century B.C. Of these sects, Buddhism and Jainism were the most important and they emerged as the most potent religious reform movement.
Buddhism and Jainism both were inspired by Upanishads, ideas of misery, caste, rituals etc. however they differed in the aspects of – Moksha and means of its attainment, ahimsa, concept of soul etc.
Similarities in the basic tenets of Buddhism and Jainism
Non-violence: Both Buddhism and Jainism emphasize non-violence and promote a lifestyle of non-harming to all living beings.
Karma: Both religions believe in the concept of karma, where actions have consequences that affect a person’s future life.
Reincarnation: Both religions hold the belief in reincarnation or rebirth, where a person’s actions in their present life determine their status in the next life.
Meditation: Both religions promote the practice of meditation as a means of achieving spiritual growth and enlightenment.
Differences between the basic tenets of Buddhism and Jainism
God: Buddhism does not have a concept of God or a supreme being, whereas Jainism recognizes a supreme being or entity called “Paramatma.”
Soul: Buddhism rejects the existence of an eternal soul or self, whereas Jainism recognizes the existence of a soul or “jiva” that is separate from the physical body.
Attachment: Buddhism views attachment as the root cause of suffering and advocates detachment from material possessions, whereas Jainism views attachment as a result of karma and focuses on detachment from negative emotions.
Ethics: While both religions emphasize non-violence and compassion, Jainism has a stricter ethical code, including strict dietary restrictions and emphasis on asceticism, which are not as prevalent in Buddhism.
Thus, both Buddhism and Jainism share many fundamental principles, such as non-violence, karma, reincarnation, and meditation, however they differ in their views on God, the soul, attachment, and ethical codes. Throughout history, the practice, adherence and belief in religion has been a virtually universal aspect of human society. Jainism and Buddhism can, in fact, play a pivotal role for the protection of the environment, for nurturing morality, ethics and universal brotherhood.
Must read: Jaina philosophy – Jaina darshan
External link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_and_Jainism
