QUES . Compare the nature of tribal movements between North-East and Central India. Briefly mention the current status of existing tribal movements in these areas.
HINTS:
The nature of tribal movements in Northeast and Central India differ significantly. Here is a brief comparison of the two:
North-East India:
The tribal movements in North-East India are mostly driven by demands for autonomy, self-rule, and preservation of cultural identity. These movements are often based on ethnicity and language and are rooted in historical grievances related to land, resources, and political power.
The North-East region is home to many ethnic and linguistic groups, each with its own distinct cultural identity, which has led to the emergence of many regional and sub-regional movements. Some of the notable tribal movements in North-East India include the Bodo movement in Assam, the Khasi and Jaintia movement in Meghalaya, and the Nagaland movement.
Central India:
The tribal movements in Central India are mostly driven by demands for land rights, resource rights, and political representation. These movements are often based on caste and class and are rooted in historical grievances related to displacement, poverty, and exploitation.
The Central India region is home to many tribal communities, each with its own distinct cultural identity, which has led to the emergence of many localized and regional movements. Some of the notable tribal movements in Central India include the Naxalite movement, the Gondwana movement, and the Jharkhand movement.
In terms of the current status of existing tribal movements in these areas:
North-East India:
The tribal movements in North-East India have seen some success in recent years, with the government agreeing to some of the demands related to autonomy and cultural identity. For instance, the Bodo Accord of 2020 granted greater autonomy to the Bodo community in Assam, while the Naga peace talks are ongoing. However, there are still many unresolved issues related to land rights, resources, and political representation.
Central India:
The tribal movements in Central India are still ongoing, with many groups continuing to demand land rights, resource rights, and political representation. The Naxalite movement, in particular, remains a major challenge for the government, with the movement having a significant presence in many tribal areas. The government has taken various measures to address the grievances of tribal communities, including the implementation of the Forest Rights Act and the Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act. However, these measures have not been fully effective in addressing the root causes of the movements.
